In a large pot, heat olive oil over medium-high heat. Add the ground turkey or beef, breaking it up with a wooden spoon. Cook until browned, about 5-7 minutes. Drain excess fat if necessary.
Add chopped onion and garlic to the pot. Sauté for 2-3 minutes until the onion is translucent.
Stir in the diced bell pepper and taco seasoning, cooking for an additional 2 minutes to toast the spices.
Pour in the broth, then add the pasta, diced tomatoes with green chilies, corn, and black beans. Stir well to combine, ensuring the pasta is submerged in the liquid.
Bring the mixture to a boil. Once boiling, reduce heat to low and cover the pot. Let it simmer for 12-15 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the pasta is al dente and the sauce has thickened.
Remove from heat and stir in the shredded cheese until melted and well combined. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
If desired, garnish with fresh cilantro before serving.